Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition that will affect each individual differently. But what is bipolar? And what help is available?

6 minute read

In the UK alone, an estimated 1.3 million people are thought to be affected by a mental health condition known as manic-depressive illness, which is more commonly known as bipolar disorder. It affects millions of people around the world globally, and while many people may have heard of it, it’s often misunderstood and not talked about enough.

Let’s explore what bipolar disorder is, who is most likely to get it, its symptoms, and treatments. We’ll also look into available support networks, so if your loved one is struggling with bipolar disorder, or if you are yourself, you can seek help.

What is bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects moods. Sufferers experience extreme mood swings, from extreme highs and overactive feelings of euphoria (known as mania), to extreme lows and feeling lethargic (depression).

These mood swings can last for weeks, or even months and can severely impact daily life, personal relationships, work life, and general well-being.  

What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?

It takes an average of 9.5 years for a person to get the correct diagnosis of bipolar disorder, and it is often misdiagnosed. This is why it’s important to recognise and look out for symptoms of bipolar disorder, especially in your loved ones, so you can help them get help sooner.

Typical symptoms of bipolar disorder include having increased energy levels and lifted moods with impulsive behaviour and the need for less sleep. These episodes of mania are then contrasted with the complete opposite loss of interest in doing otherwise enjoyable activities, fatigue, and feelings of depression.

Bipolar disorder is also linked to disability, depression, and a higher risk of suicide, which increases by up to 20 times.

Who can suffer from bipolar disorder and why?

Bipolar disorder can affect anyone at any time. All ages, genders, and ethnicities can be affected.

The exact cause of bipolar disorder remains unknown. However, research has made some noteworthy advancements to shed light on possible factors that contribute to its development. Both genetic and biological factors, along with environmental influences, have been identified as potential contributors to bipolar disorder.

However, these are quite small factors and are not specific to bipolar disorder but to mental health disorders in general. The risk of forming bipolar disorder is also increased following a traumatic life experience causing mass stress, or by having a family history of the condition.

Bipolar in the UK: The statistics

Bipolar disorder is more common than you may think in the United Kingdom. Research by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), shows that around 1-2% of the UK population is estimated to have bipolar disorder. That’s 1 or 2 for every 100 people. Without treatment, episodes of bipolar mania can last between 3-6 months.

This statistic underscores the importance of increasing awareness about bipolar disorder. By doing so, we can ensure that early intervention measures are taken to enhance the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition and provide them with the necessary support they need.

Treatments for those with bipolar disorder

There is no complete cure for bipolar disorder, but it can be managed by a combination of medication and lifestyle changes.

Medication

Medications often prescribed for bipolar disorder include, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants. These help to stabilise and manage mood swings. Such medications should only be administered by trained professionals who can recommend the correct combination of drugs per individual needs. Everyone’s treatment will look different.

The main medication used to treat bipolar disorder in the UK is Lithium, which is usually prescribed long-term, but for at least six months. Lithium is often used with the antipsychotic aripiprazole and is also approved for use by teenagers.

Lifestyle choices

Lifestyle choices are also vital in helping to manage bipolar disorder. It’s important to maintain a regulated sleep cycle, get enough exercise, and eat a balanced and healthy diet for general wellness. Managing stress and avoiding substance abuse are also important aspects of any treatment plan.

Who can help? Should I phone my GP?

If you or someone you care about might have symptoms of bipolar disorder, seek help and guidance immediately. It may seem a bit daunting to approach your GP at first but don't worry - that feeling is completely normal for such a huge step.

If it seems all a bit too much, you can always approach family and friends in the first instance to build up your support network to seek professional help. The first step is to speak to someone you trust and acknowledge that you may need support.

Seeking assistance early on can make a significant difference in managing the condition and promoting overall well-being. Feel free to reach out to healthcare professionals for support and advice during this challenging time. They are here to guide you and your loved ones through this difficult situation, providing the necessary assistance you need. Don't hesitate to seek their help whenever you need it.

The sooner you can get help, the more likely you are to get a diagnosis and the treatment you need faster. Speak to your GP if you have concerns and organise an assessment. Your GP can help to refer you to specialists, trained psychologists, and psychiatrists who can help to give a diagnosis and treatment plan.

Charities and support networks which can help

As well as speaking to your GP for help, there are many organisations and charities in the United Kingdom which you can turn to. They have specialised experience to help give support to those who suffer from bipolar or to families who have been affected by someone who has it.

One of the biggest national charities is Bipolar UK which offers a range of services from support groups, an information hotline you can call, and resources online.

Mind is also another great charity that can provide valuable support for those dealing with bipolar disorder and other mental health conditions. Their website offers a lot of free information and support.

If you are seeking support for a family member, or friend, Rethink Mental Illness is an organisation that can offer, guidance, assistance, and support to caregivers.

These three organisations are great starting points for getting help, understanding bipolar disorder, and helping to reduce the stigma around it. They all also help to create a sense of community and support network for those who have been affected.